A、 ↓tubular backleak of ultrafiltrate
B、 Glomerular filtration dysfunction
C、 proximal tubular dysfunction
D、 distal tubular dysfunction
E、 non-integrated function of palingenetic tubules
答案：E
A、 ↓tubular backleak of ultrafiltrate
B、 Glomerular filtration dysfunction
C、 proximal tubular dysfunction
D、 distal tubular dysfunction
E、 non-integrated function of palingenetic tubules
答案：E
A. Acid-base disturbances
B. Lung edema
C. Cardiac dysfunction
D. Serious renal dysfunction
E. Failure of vasoconstriction response or DIC
A. Excessive loss of digestive juices
B. Body fluid loss through the skin
C. Ascites formation
D. Excessive loss of blood
E. Only pure water to replace the loss of water and sodium
A. It converts prothrombin to thrombin
B. It activates factor III
C. It activates factor I
D. It activates protein C system
E. It activates prekallikrein
A. Peripheral vessel dilation
B. Decreased cardiac output
C. Decreased blood volume
D. Peripheral vessel constriction
E. Decreased microcirculatory perfusion of organs and tissues
A. PaO2
B. PaCO2
C. PH
D. [HCO —]
E. [H+]
A. Total volume of body fluid loss
B. Total volume of ECF loss
C. Total volume of ICF loss
D. Osmotic pressure of ECF
E. Osmotic pressure of ICF
A. Isotonic dehydration without treatment may become hypertonic dehydration
B. Isotonic dehydration may become hypotonic dehydration if treated by infusing pure water
C. Isotonic fluid loss can cause isotonic dehydration in a short time
D. Simple isotonic dehydration is not common in the clinic
E. Serum [Na+] is decreased, plasma osmotic pressure is normal
A. 100 ml
B. 150 ml
C. 200 ml
D. 250 ml
E. 50ml
A. Decrease partial pressure of oxygen inspired air
B. External respiratory dysfunction
C. Venous-to-arterial Shunts
D. CO poisoning
E. Inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation
A. men
B. children
C. pregnant women
D. patient with severe cardiopathy
E. the body temperature is high enough(>40℃)
