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2、Which one does not belong to the causes of hypovolemic shock( )

A、　Blood loss

B、　Burn

C、　Infection

D、　Crush trauma

E、　Dehydration

答案：C

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病理生理学英文题库

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12、How does heparin exhibit anticoagulant property?( )

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13、The changes of ECG during acute hyperkalemia are as follows except( )

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4、Generally speaking,the developing direction of a disease depends on( )

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4、The most common precipitating factors of hepatic encephalopathy are as follows, except for( )

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5、The characteristic of body fluid loss in hypovolemic hyponatremia is( )

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12、The effects of severe hyperkalemia on the physiological characteristics of( )

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7、The excitability of skeletal muscles is decreased in acute hypokalemia because( )

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14、Which one of the following conditions can be caused by both hyperkalemia and hypokalemia?( )

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11、Which one is the neuromuscular effect of acute mild hyperkalemia?( )

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18、The commonest disorder of water and sodium metabolism during extreme weakness or coma is( )

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2、Which one does not belong to the causes of hypovolemic shock( )

A、　Blood loss

B、　Burn

C、　Infection

D、　Crush trauma

E、　Dehydration

答案：C

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12、How does heparin exhibit anticoagulant property?( )

A. 　It activates PC

B. 　It inhibits factor Va

C. 　It activates plasminogen

D. 　It catalyzes thrombin

E. 　It enhances the activity of AT-III

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13、The changes of ECG during acute hyperkalemia are as follows except( )

A. 　Peaked T wave

B. 　Prolonged P-R interval

C. 　Deepened s wave

D. 　Peaked P wave

E. 　Suppressive and widened QRS complex

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4、Generally speaking,the developing direction of a disease depends on( )

A. 　aging mechanism

B. 　neural mechanism

C. 　humoral mechanism

D. 　cellular mechanism

E. 　molecular mechanism

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4、The most common precipitating factors of hepatic encephalopathy are as follows, except for( )

A. 　Gastrointestinal bleeding

B. 　Abuse of sedatives and narcotic

C. 　Portal-systemic shunting

D. 　Infections

E. 　Massive paracentesis and excessive diuresis

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5、The characteristic of body fluid loss in hypovolemic hyponatremia is( )

A. 　Sodium loss>water loss,serum [Na+]<135mmol/L, plasma osmotic pressure<290mmol/L

B. 　Water loss>sodium loss, serum [Na+]>135mmolL, plasma osmotic pressure>290mmol/L、

C. 　Sodium loss>water loss, serum[Na+]>135mmol/L, plasma osmotic pressure> 290mmol/L

D. 　Water loss>sodium loss, serum [Na+]<135mmol/L, plasma osmotic pressure<290mmol/L

E. 　Sodium loss=water loss, both the serum [Na+] and plasma osmotic pressure are normal

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12、The effects of severe hyperkalemia on the physiological characteristics of( )

A. 　↑excitability,↑conductivity,↑automaticity,↑contractibility

B. 　↑excitability,↓conductivity,↑automaticity,↑contractibility

C. 　↓excitability,↓conductivity,↓automaticity,↓contractibility

D. 　↓excitability,↑conductivity,↓automaticity,↑contractibility

E. 　↑excitability,↓conductivity,↑automaticity,↓contractibility

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7、The excitability of skeletal muscles is decreased in acute hypokalemia because( )

A. 　Em voltage becomes less negative, and the Na+ channel is inactive

B. 　Em voltage becomes more negative, the difference between Em-Et increases

C. 　Et elevates, the difference between Em-Et increases

D. 　Em voltage becomes less negative, the difference between Em-Et decreases

E. 　Et elevates, and the effect of the membrane barrier becomes greater

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14、Which one of the following conditions can be caused by both hyperkalemia and hypokalemia?( )

A. 　Metabolic acidosis

B. 　Cardiac arrhythmia

C. 　Metabolic alkalosis

D. 　Increased renal tubular K+ excretion

E. 　Increased renal tubular H+ excretion

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11、Which one is the neuromuscular effect of acute mild hyperkalemia?( )

A. 　Increased excitability, muscle weakness

B. 　Increased excitability, body sting and abnormal feeling

C. 　Increased excitability, muscle paralysis

D. 　Decreased excitability, muscle weakness even paralysis

E. 　Decreased excitability, body sting and abnormal feeling

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18、The commonest disorder of water and sodium metabolism during extreme weakness or coma is( )

A. 　Hyponatremia

B. 　Isotonic dehydration

C. 　Hypertonic dehydration

D. 　Hypotonic dehydration

E. 　Water intoxication

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