A、 Hyperpolarization blocking
B、 Partial depolarization
C、 The Na+ channels are open
D、 Depolarization blocking
E、 None of the above
答案:D
A、 Hyperpolarization blocking
B、 Partial depolarization
C、 The Na+ channels are open
D、 Depolarization blocking
E、 None of the above
答案:D
A. Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
B. Normochloremic metabolic acidosis
C. Metabolic alkalosis
D. Respiratory acidosis
E. Respiratory alkalosis
A. Myocardial ischemia and hypoxia
B. Hypotension
C. Congestion of pulmonary circulation and pulmonary edema
D. Congestion of systemic circulation and decreased blood return
E. Increased sensitivity of bronchial smooth muscle
A. found earliest
B. can interact with IL-1
C. antiviral activity and toxic effect to tumor cells
D. a downstream mediator of fever
E. shares many biologic properties with IL-1
A. Gastrointestinal bleeding
B. Abuse of sedatives and narcotic
C. Portal-systemic shunting
D. Infections
E. Massive paracentesis and excessive diuresis
A. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Traumatic shock
C. Cardiogenic shock
D. Anaphylactic shock
E. Infectious shock
A. Diffusion impairment
B. Respiratory center inhibition
C. Respiratory muscle paralysis
D. Central airway obstruction
E. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
A. biological agent
B. genetic factor
C. congenital factor
D. nutritional factor
E. immune factor
A. hypovolemic hypernatremia
B. hypovolemic hyponatremia
C. hypervolemic hyponatremia
D. hypervolemic hypernatremia
E. normovolemic hyponatremia
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
解析:
A. Compensation by the lungs
B. Buffer system in the blood
C. Intracellular buffer system
D. Compensation by the kidney
E. Buffer effect of bones
A. Hypovolemic hypernatremia
B. Hypovolemic hyponatremia
C. Hypervolemic hyponatremia
D. Hypervolemic hypernatremia
E. Isovolemic hyponatremia