A、 Isotonic dehydration without treatment may become hypertonic dehydration
B、 Isotonic dehydration may become hypotonic dehydration if treated by infusing pure water
C、 Isotonic fluid loss can cause isotonic dehydration in a short time
D、 Simple isotonic dehydration is not common in the clinic
E、 Serum [Na+] is decreased, plasma osmotic pressure is normal
答案:E
A、 Isotonic dehydration without treatment may become hypertonic dehydration
B、 Isotonic dehydration may become hypotonic dehydration if treated by infusing pure water
C、 Isotonic fluid loss can cause isotonic dehydration in a short time
D、 Simple isotonic dehydration is not common in the clinic
E、 Serum [Na+] is decreased, plasma osmotic pressure is normal
答案:E
A. Peripheral vessel dilation
B. Decreased cardiac output
C. Decreased blood volume
D. Peripheral vessel constriction
E. Decreased microcirculatory perfusion of organs and tissues
A. Long term use of thiazides diuretica
B. Addison's disease
C. Fanconi syndrome
D. Hypomagnesemia
E. Renal tubular acidosis
A. Decreased GFR
B. Increased capillary permeability
C. Lymphatic obstruction
D. Increased ANP
E. Decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure
A. Capillary hydrostatic pressure is increased
B. Capillary permeability is increased
C. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure is decreased
D. Lymphatic return is decreased
E. Plasma crystal osmotic pressure is decreased
A. Airflow pattern
B. Airflow speed
C. Inner diameter of airway
D. Length of airway
E. Shape of airway
A. hypertension
B. hepatitis
C. diabetes
D. lung cancer
E. edema
A. There is a glomerular-tubular imbalance
B. Capillary hydrostatic pressure is increased
C. Capillary permeability is increased
D. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure is decreased
E. Lymphatic return is obstructed
A. RBC
B. WBC
C. Platelet
D. Endothelial cell
E. Mononuclear phagocyte
A. ADP and membrane phospholipid
B. Endothelin and ADP
C. Endothelin and heparin
D. Heparin and AT-III
E. AT-III and membrane phospholipid
A. Tho loss of K+ caused by excessive sweating(diaphoresis)
B. The excessive secretion of aldosterone
C. The dysfunction of renal tubular K+ reabsorption
D. The uptake of K+ into ICF compartment from ECF compartment
E. The increased intestinal K+ excretion