28. (单选题, 5分)★A good or resource that is both nonrival and nonexcludable is[既非竞争又非排他性的商品或资源是]

A. 　 B

B. 　 A + B

C. 　 B - A

D. 　 B ÷ A

E. 　 A

A. 　 common resource【共同资源】.

B. 　 common good【共同产品】.

C. 　 private good【私人产品】.

D. 　 public good【公共产品】.

E. 　 government good【政府产品】.

A. 　 对

B. 　 错

A. 　 Based on the figure above, international trade leads to a net loss of surplus of $60 million[根据上l图,国际贸易导致盈余净亏损6000万美元].

B. 　 Based on the figure above, as a result of international trade, consumer surplus increases by $150 million,producer surplus decreases by $90 million[根据上图,由于国际贸易,消费者剩余增加了1.5亿美元,生产者剩余减少了9000万美元].

C. 　 In the figure above, with international trade the United States imports 40 million T-shirts per year[在上图中,通过国际贸易,美国每年进口4000万件T恤].

D. 　 Based on the figure above, as a result of international trade, U.S. domestic production decreases by 20 million T-shirts per year[根据上图,国际贸易的结果使美国国内的T恤产量每年减少了2000万件].

E. 　 In the figure above, with international trade U.S. consumers buy 60 million T-shirts per year at $5 per T-shirt[在上图中,有了国际贸易,美国消费者每年以每件5美元的价格购买6000万件T恤].

A. 　 paid more by the buyers after the change than before[买家支付的税比之前多].

B. 　 paid more by the sellers after the change than before[卖家支付的税比之前多].

C. 　 always split evenly between the buyers and the sellers[买卖双方总是平分税款].

D. 　 paid more by the government after the change than before[变化后政府支付的费用比以前多].

E. 　 always paid entirely by the buyers[总是完全由买家支付].

A. 　 With no international trade, the price in the United States for flip-flops is $14. With international trade, the price in the United States for flip-flops is $12[由于没有国际贸易,美国人字拖的价格是14美元。在国际贸易中,美国人字拖的价格是12美元].

B. 　 With international trade, U.S. consumers buy ) 700,000 flip-flops and U.S. producers produce 500,000 flip-flops[通过国际贸易,美国消费者购买了70万件人字拖,美国生产商生产了50万件人字拖].

C. 　 With international trade, the United States imports 400,000 flip-flops[通过国际贸易,美国进口了40万件人字拖].

D. 　 With international trade, the equilibrium price in the United States is ) $12 and the United States imports flip-flopsp[在国际贸易中,美国进口人字拖的均衡价格是12美元].

E. 　 When there is no international trade, the U.S. price is $14 per flip-flop and the U.S. quantity is 500,000 flip-flops[在没有国际贸易的情况下,美国的价格是14美元,而美国的数量是50万只].

A. 　 20

B. 　 50

C. 　 90

D. 　 70

E. 　 40

A. 　 are always part of private costs or private benefits[总是私人成本或私人收益的一部分].

B. 　 cannot be expressed in dollar amounts[不能用美元的金额来表示].

C. 　 always make society better off[总是让社会更美好].

D. 　 always create extra social costs[总是会产生额外的社会成本].

E. 　 can be either benefits or costs[可以是收益或成本].

A. 　 Left to itself without any government intervention, a competitive market would create a deadweight loss equal to the area b + d【如果没有任何政府干预,一个有竞争力的市场将造成相当于b+d面积的无谓损失】.

B. 　 The efficient quantity of education is 4 million students【有效的教育数量是400万学生】.

C. 　 Left to itself without any government intervention, a competitive market would create a deadweight loss equal to the area b + c【如果没有任何政府干预,一个有竞争力的市场将造成相当于b+c区域的无谓损失】.

D. 　 The efficient quantity of education is 6 million students【有效的教育数量是600万学生】.

E. 　 Left to itself without any government intervention, a competitive market would create a deadweight loss equal to the area a + c【如果没有任何政府干预,一个有竞争力的市场将造成相当于a+c面积的无谓损失】.

A. 　 对

B. 　 错